What is Linux Operating System?

If you do not know much about Linux OS. And you have to know the complete information about Linux in Hindi. So you've come to the right place.

Today in this Linux tutorial I will tell you what is Linux operating system? And how does it work? What is the reason for its popularity? Why do people like Linux OS so much and why is Linux so much better than other operating systems? You will get to know about all these here.

You must know that the kernel program is the heart of any operating system. Because it completely helps in communicating data with the fundamental stuff, such as the hardware, and software for your computer system to work.

That's why you need the Operating System (OS) first. If you do not know about OS, Hardware, and Software.

So let's first know about the operating system in brief; Then starting with Linux Definition, know all the information related to Linux operating system.

What is Operating System

OS is a software program with the help of which we can perform any task from the computer hardware. That is, the operating system is used to communicate with the system hardware. Because it is the interface between the user and the hardware.

Friends, Hardware understands only programming language. That's why operating system software has been created by first programming.

Got Operating System? So let us now know what is Linux;

What is Linux

Linux is an open-source, best-known, and most used operating system. and Linux was developed by Linus Torvalds on September 17, 1991, for devices such as computers, mobile devices, web servers, mainframes and embedded.

Linux is an operating system similar to UNIX based on the kernel. But Unix is ​​not open-source software, it has to compromise with AT&T (owner) for its source code.

Let us know what is Linux operating? understand well about it.

What is Linux Operating System?

Linux is a Unix - like operating system, and it is an open-source and Linux kernel-based OS. Just like Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, and iOS. But Linux is a free and virus-free operating system.

You can use it by instl it on PCs, mobile devices, netbooks, supercomputers, game consoles, servers, tablets, laptops, etc.

Linux supports almost every computer platform, including x86, SPARC, and ARM. And there is a quote about Linux " Linux operating system is Everywhere " which means you will find it everywhere.

Linux kernel operating system is written in C and assembly language. and was first published by Linus Torvalds on 17 September 1991. Then slowly Linux captured the entire market.

Friends, one of the most popular platforms in the world right now, Android is also powered by the Linux operating system.

What is Linux Operating System ? have understood it; Let us now understand its architecture and components:

The architecture of the Linux Operating System in Hindi

Linux kernel architecture can be divided into two main levels; User Space and Kernel Space. Let us understand these two:

#1. User Space:

At the top of this level is the Application layer and then the GNU C Library (Glibc). User space provides the system interface. That is, it is the system memory that is allocated to the kernel or operating system for the running application. And these two layers help the user to connect with the kernel.

#2. Kernel Space:

This level can be divided into three levels such as; System call, Kernel code, and BSP. Let us understand all this very well:

• System call interface: The top layer is the programmatic way in which a computer program requests a service from the kernel.

• Kernel code layer: This is below the system call layer. This layer implements basic functions such as read and write, and prevents the program from being overwritten. It is defined as architecture-independent kernel code.

• BSP (Board Support Package) layer: It comes after the kernel code. It consists of a small program called boot loader or boot manager, this code acts as a processor and platform-specific code for the given architecture.

If you have understood the architecture of the Linux operating system, then let us now know its components.

Components of Linux Operating System in Hindi

Linux architecture or structure is made up of four (4) main components; Hardware, Kernel, Shell and System Utilities. Let us know about all these.

The structure of Linux OS components is as follows:

• Hardware: This is a physical layer, and it includes peripheral devices such as RAM, HDD, CPU, etc.

• Kernel: This is the core part of the Linux operating system, and it is considered the heart of the operating system. Most of the activities in Linux come from the kernel, and it interacts with the hardware to provide low-level services such as hardware details to the system.

• Shell: It is a command-line interpreter program that creates an interface between the user and the kernel. Basically, the kernel's functions have a lot of complexity for the user. For this, shell programs have been created, which are sent to the kernel's functions to execute the commands given by the user.

• Utilities: It provides the functionality of an operating system to the user. That is, operating system functions such as; Utilities like CPU, memory, disk I/O, network interfaces, processes, etc. are given to the user.

I hope you now have a good understanding of the components and basic structure of Linux OS. So let's know what are the features of the Linux operating system.

Features of Linux OS

Friends, the main reason why Linux OS is so popular is its useful features, that is, you will get many features in it which will not be available in other operating systems. So let's know the most important features of the Linux operating system:

• Open Source: This means the operating system's code is made available for free and anyone can edit or modify it.

• Multiuser capability: Provides the services to be used by multiple users in an operating system at the same time.

• Speed: Linux is a multiprocessor operating system, that is, two or more central processing units (CPU) are used in the same system. So in terms of speed, Linux is faster than other operating systems.

• Multitasking: Linux provides multitasking to the user, that is, allows the user to perform multiple tasks at the same time.

• Multiple Network Protocols: Linux supports many different networking protocols. for example; it Includes TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, Appletalk, etc.

• Strong Security: Linux is more secure than other operating systems; Because Linux provides Authentication, Authorization, and Encryption features to the users.

Linux also provides more features such as; Virtual Memory, Wide Hardware Support, Graphical User Interface, etc. Linux OS is so popular because of all these important features and its advantages.

So let us now know the advantages and disadvantages of the Linux operating system.

 Advantages of Linux OS in Hindi

Linux operating system has many advantages, as well as some disadvantages, here the most important advantages and disadvantages of Linux OS, are described in the table:

Advantages:
#1. Stability: Linux provides high stability and is rarely slow. In this, you do not need to reboot after some time.
#2. Privacy: Linux operating system is better than other operating systems in terms of privacy and security.
#3. Free of cost: Linux operating system is free. You can use it by instl it officially without any cost.
#4. Software Updates: Provides a large number of software updates in Linux. And these software updates are much faster than any other operating system update.
#5. Community Support: You will find large community support in Linux because Linux is one of the largest communities on the Internet.  Disadvantages of Linux OS in Hindi Here are the main disadvantages of the Linux operating system in the table: Disadvantages: #1. Windows Software: Many Windows software such as; Photoshop, Microsoft word, etc will not run in Linux. If you are a Windows user, these are your biggest disadvantages. #2. Hardware drivers: Drivers in Linux operating systems such as; Printers, scanners, or other devices are lacking. Mainly this is the disadvantage of both Linux. If you currently use Windows operating system and want to know whether Windows or Linux is good? So let's see the difference between them. Linux vs Windows – (Difference Between Linux and Windows) Here are some of the major differences between Linux and Windows operating systems, such; Linux Windows 1. Can be instled in the system without any cost. And in this, you will get most of the software for free. 1. Windows operating system is not free. To use useful software such as photoshop etc., it is necessary to buy its license key. 2. Linux operating system is more secure. 2. Windows operating system is less secure. 3. In Linux, program files can be found in different directories. 3. System and program files in Windows are only saved in the C: drive. 4. Linux runs fast even with older hardware. 4. Windows is slower than Linux. 5. Linux operating system is case sensitive. That is, the same word can create a file or folder in the capital (SIH) and lower-case letters (sih). 5. Windows is not case-sensitive. That is, in this, you cannot create a file or folder of the same word. Windows and Linux are both good at their place, but some things will not be found in Windows and some things will not be found in Linux. So, here I have told you some of the main differences, it will make you feel better about which operating system would be best for you to use in daily life.